Where The Mind Is Without Fear

Where the mind is without fear and the head is held highWhere knowledge is free
Where the world has not been broken up into fragments
By narrow domestic walls
Where words come out from the depth of truth
Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection
Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way
Into the dreary desert sand of dead habit
Where the mind is led forward by thee
Into ever-widening thought and action
Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake.

Analysis

                Tagore has created an imaginary country where people can live without any discrimination and without any boarders which separate one nation with other. Where people feel free and fearless to express their idea, where people speak truth, where everyone is united and sincere with others, where new ideas are no disturbed by the old practice and these things are the key to awake a nation. Tagore is against the division of nation by the narrow conception of nationalism. These concept of nationalism forced us to create boundaries around us and which leads toward war between nations.

                The poem might be trying to show the value of truth, knowledge, unite, thought, honor, and freedom. Id all these characteristics are found in the inhabitants of a country then their country itself would become heaven. The poet not only praying or expressing some sort of affection for his country but he says that this world is broken into number of pieces depending on caste, color and creed.

بہت دل کو کشادہ کر لیا کیا استاد جون ایلیا بہت دل کو کشادہ کر لیا کیا زمانے بھر سے وعدہ کر لیا کیا تو کیا سچ مچ جدائی مجھ سے کر لی تو خود اپنے کو آدھا کر لیا کیا ہنر مندی سے اپنی دل کا صفحہ مری جاں تم نے سادہ کر لیا کیا جو یکسر جان ہے اس کے بدن سے کہو کچھ استفادہ کر لیا کیا بہت کترا رہے ہو مغبچوں سے گناہ ترک بادہ کر لیا کیا یہاں کے لوگ کب کے جا چکے ہیں سفر جادہ بہ جادہ کر لیا کیا اٹھایا اک قدم تو نے نہ اس تک بہت اپنے کو ماندہ کر لیا کیا تم اپنی کج کلاہی ہار بیٹھیں بدن کو بے لبادہ کر لیا کیا بہت نزدیک آتی جا رہی ہو بچھڑنے کا ارادہ کر لیا کیا

Alexie’s reconstruction of the Native American subject misconstructed by Euro-American

            Alexie described the Native American subject misconstructed by the Euro American history, literature and media. Discourse function through the co-operation of verbal and non-verbal expressions, such as; symbols, tools and language. Alexie’s discourse presents the context between the tribal communal discursive lives with the white. In “Do You Know Where I Am?” the protagonist, Sharon had relation with a white but she repented and showed hatred for the whites, thus came back to her native husband, which signifies total separation from the whites. But Arwater in  “The Search Engine” contrarily acted as differently, he is in hybrid relationship with the tribal past and present white, but when he found his mother is in miserable condition, coughing going along the road then he withdraw her and opt present white, which signifies merged and mixed culture of united states. It shows some sort of complicity of Alexie’s discourse which strengthened the Euro-American discourse. But it is not complicity rather it is the acceptance of reality living in the surrounding of whites. The female protagonist of hybrid “The Search Engine” in Ten Little Indians has a mixed relationship. Her parents and uncles forced his to turn toward tribal culture but her academic background force her to tilt toward the white.

            Alexie’s poetry may afford greater passion, which mostly described the primitive culture of Native American, for example the buffalo in “the summer of black widow” stare in the eyes of the whites which disturbed their stare. But prose has to work with a relatively greater tilt toward realism which Alexie did his fictions and prose. 

source:Sherman Alexie’s Discursive Reconstruction of the Native American Subject
Ghulam Murtaza  

Primitive culture of Native American by Sherman Alexie.

            The Euro-American discourse of history and literature have no pace for the Native American because all the available history and literature have been written in the perspective of the domineer and ruler. There was no place for the cultural and ritual practices; eagle feather, buffalo, salmon, etc. have no significance. But Alexie describe the primitive culture and depict how much the native has lost. He also reinterpreted history on the perspective of Native American. Though Alexie’s poetry and fiction reactivate pre-Columbian discursive life patterns yet it is naïve to criticize that he tried pull back the native into their primitive culture.

            The ontological position of Euro-American was that the white are the superior and center of the universe and all the things are to be subjugate, destroy and exploit for the progress but the Natives have horizontal relation with nature. Native believed that nothing is to be subjugate, destroy and conquer. Alexie reinterpretation of Jesus, Moses, buffalo, salmon, Columbus, deer and eagle give new significance to the naïve American. Alexie reinterpreted Jesus as that Jesus Christ has already came back and again crucified. He called himself crazy horse and didn’t tell about his third attempt. All the things gave new meaning because of the reinterpretation, which adjust in the native culture.

            Foucault is concerned with resistance to power, he believed that sometime this power shapes events and pattern of behavior. Corliss the female protagonist of “The Search Engine” in Ten Little Indians: she is created to act between two culture; native and Euro-American. She was force by her parent to tilt toward tribalism and her academic influence bound her to turn toward the new culture thus, she got a new identity.

            Euro-American discourse stressed that the primitive culture of Native American is unchangeable and doomed because they are unable to fix themselves into the new culture. Whole plethora involved to construct a myth against the Native American and Alexie are criticized that he has strengthen the Euro-American perspective because he also depicted primitive Native culture, who are indulged in alcoholism but this point is missed that alcoholism is the daily life routine of Native American’s. The focus on the primitive culture is to reestablish that what has been lost by Native American due to Euro-American. Another reason is to present the history of Native American though their own perspective.

Source: Sherman Alexie’s Discursive Reconstruction of the Native American Subject by Ghulam Murtaza

Make money while writing blogs. (For beginners)

You might have heard that people earn money through internet, I will tell you how people make money while writing blogs on any topic.

You need to choose a platform for the creation of blog and then log in to it. It needs devotion and your time. There are few steps:

Step 1:

Prior you need to develop a blog and write blogs on various topics but it is necessary that your written expression must be strong and your topic must have attraction for trafficking. Your contents must not be copied from other sources. If you quoted from other sources then it is compulsory to give a proper citation                                                     picture source

Step 2:

When you write at least 15-20 alluring blogs for your audience then you have apply for Adsense to earn money. When you login there then they will monitor your blog and traffics as well, after that you are given Ads.

Step 3:

You need to share it to other interested people through social media for example facebook, twitter and other sources. It helps you to boost up visitors on your blog and you know very well that your earning depends on the visitors.

Step 4:

Time-to-time you should update your blog because your literature and information should not be old. And try to give updated information regarding your chosen topic. Which would be very helpful to create some sort of attraction to your viewers.